Heart Disease And Health Outcomes - 2279 Words

Kyle Andrade Tatiana Perrino June 2, 2015 Health Disparites Heart Disease and Health Outcomes 1. Epidemiology In the documentary, â€Å"Unatural Causes: is Inequality, making us sick?†, we are exposed to a number of different health outcomes that are ascertained due to various socioeconomic conditions. One such outcome is heart disease, which is a grave public health concern, due to its chronic effects and the sheer numbers of people living with the disease. Every year about 610,000 Americans die from heart disease, approximately 1 in every 4 deaths. Coronary heart disease is the most prevalent type of heart disease, resulting in more than 370,000 deaths annually. It tolls the United States approximately $108.9 billion each year. This massive amount includes the cost of health care services, medications, and lost productivity. HEART DISEASE FACT SHEET It is the No. 1 killer in the United States, resulting in nearly 787,000 deaths in 2011. It is also the major cause of death for most racial/ethnic groups in the United States, including African Americans, Hispanics and W hites. In respect to Asian Americans or Pacific Islanders and American Indians or Alaska Natives, heart disease is second only to cancer. Cardiovascular diseases claim more lives than all forms of cancer combined. Every 34 seconds a person in the United States has a heart attack. While every 60 seconds someone in the U.S. dies from a heart disease related event. Approximately 720,000 people in the U.S.Show MoreRelatedFactors That Influence Health Status958 Words   |  4 Pagesthat influence health status are known as determinants of health. Social determinants of health reflect the social factors and physical conditions of the environment in which people are born, live, learn, play, work, and age. According to Florida Public Health, Heart disease was the second leading cause of death in 2012, accounting for41, 643 deaths. The heart disease age-adjusted death rate per 100,000 populations decreased between 1990 and 2012 from 286.5 to 155.3. Heart disease was the leadingRead MoreTh e Death Of St Lucie County796 Words   |  4 Pages(2014) in the United State heart disease is the leading cause of death and stroke is the third leading cause of death. These diseases are very evident in this health care provider community of St. Lucie County. The County of St Lucie ranks 22 out of 67 in health outcome. Health outcome represents how healthy a County is (County Health Ranking, 2013). This poor health ranking in St. Lucie County is evident in the disease category of heart disease and stroke. Heart disease was the second leading causeRead MoreAuthor Lives In Mississauga City, Canada. And Her Background1736 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation. In Canada heart disease is the second leading cause of death accounting for 20% all death. In every 7 minutes a death from heart disease or stroke in Canada (Heart research Institute, 2017). Minority populations of African or South Asian background are at greater risk of developing high blood pressure, diabetes or other risk factors for heart disease at a younger age (Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, 2012). The author decided to provide health education in the church communityRead MoreCardiovascular Disease Prevention Program1673 Words   |  7 PagesCardiovascular Disease Prevention Program Cardiovascular is a class of disease that involve the heart or the blood vessels which includes veins, arteries, and capillaries, or both can affect the cardio system (Nordqvist, 2014).The CVD system convey oxygenated blood through the arteries for the entire body. Cardiovascular can cause other illness associated with the disease like coronary artery and heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, and strokes. How do these diseases affect the body? CoronaryRead MoreRegulating Hypertension Through And Exercise Intervention1265 Words   |  6 Pageshistory. The risk for a disease is found using a genogram. Hypertension was determined to be the most prevalent disease based on the assessment of each family member and through her strengths and risks. Through the steps of the nursing process, the author will assess the disease entity obtained from the family genogram to plan a desired outcome, to then implement a thorough evidence-based intervention, and finally, to then evaluate the intervention to determine if the desired outcomes were met. The overallRead MoreSocial And Behavioral Theories Of Behavior Change889 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction According to the World Health Organization (W.H.O), Cardiovascular disease is the number one killer disease in the world, killing about 17.5 million people and responsible for about thirty-one (31%) of global death in 2012. It is a major challenge for both the developed and the low and middle income countries (W.H.O. 2016). In the United States, heart disease is also the foremost killer disease. It killed 614,398 people in 2014 which is about twenty-three percent (23%) of the total deathRead MoreHow Is The Hrrp Reducing Chf Readmissions?1700 Words   |  7 PagesHow is the HRRP reducing CHF Readmissions? Congestive heart failure is a growing chronic condition in the United States that accounts for over one million hospitalizations and is responsible for 27% of patients with heart failure on Medicare are readmitted with 30 days of discharge (Hines, Yu Randall, 2010). The intensity of the disease process poses a financial strain on both the patient and the payers, especially Medicare, as 10 per 1000 population are 65 years or older and therefore a MedicareRead MoreHypertension Is The Leading Risk Factor For Cardiovascular Disease In Germany1096 Words   |  5 Pagesis the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease in Germany. It is estimated that 33% of the total population is affected by high blood pressure (RKI, 2015). The healthcare infrastructure and access to basic needs also contribute to the health profile in Germany. Health care insurance remains a universal system that features a multi-payer system combining statutory health insurance (SHI) that account for 85% of the population and private health insurance (PHI) accounting for 11%. ApproximatelyRead MoreWellness Programs: Disease Management Essay1564 Words   |  7 PagesDefinitions Disease Management Disease management, as defined by the Care Continuum Alliance (CCA), 2011, is a multi-disciplinary, comprehensive, continuous, and coordinated method to achieving desired outcomes by utilizing preventive measures and evidence-based practice guidelines to alter the natural course of the disease; therefore, improving the overall health for a population. These outcomes include processes of reducing healthcare costs while improving the quality of life for individualsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Fire Escape 911 Words   |  4 Pages75% of the 2.7 trillion dollars we spend on healthcare in this country is spent on treating diseases that are largely preventable, such as heart disease and diabetes. Why do you think this is happening? What can be done to change this statistic? The movie fire escape emphasizes that America has the most expensive health care system in the world but is not one of the best in regards to healthcare outcomes and life expectancy. It spends more than what the whole world all together spends on pharmaceutical

The Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism - 760 Words

Alyssa Hayes Professor Wayne Knight 2/27/2017 Hum 10 Tuesday Buddhism The four noble truths The Buddhists strongly believed in the four noble truths which are the foundation of Buddhism. The first noble truth, is the truth of suffering or (dukkha). The Pali word â€Å"dukkha† can be described using the term â€Å"temporary†. Things that are painful and things that are pleasurable are considered dukkha because they are temporary and do not last forever. In relation to human life, Buddhists believe that life itself is not permanent and neither are we as humans. The second noble truth is the reason behind suffering which is a â€Å"craving† or (tanha). The Buddhists, like many believe that human beings are never truly satisfied. Most humans spend their†¦show more content†¦Buddhist use meditation to see beyond the distractions of the world. Meditation where you focus on your breathing is proven to lower blood pressure and decrease stress. Loving- kindness meditation focuses on increasing kindness and love. This meditation is good for controlling your anger or a conflict with a loved one. For example, in loving-kindness meditation you can radiate feeling of love in all directions. You project your feelings of love north, south, east and west. â€Å"May all beings be safe, happy, healthy and live joyously.† Buddhists use this type of meditation to train their minds to be kinder. The goal is to develop feelings of love and kindness not only to others but towards yourself. There are three main techniques: mantras which are phrases that you repeat internally. Visualization, where you actually create an image in your mind of a person you are thinking of or yourself, smiling happily. And reflection, where you can think of qualities or actions that are good. Mediation is of much importance to Buddhism. Buddha himself attained enlightenment through means of meditation. But attaining enlightenment is not the only reason for meditation, many Buddhists use it to purify their minds. Buddha said,† He who is mentally concentrated, see’s things according to reali ty.† Chanting Chanting is the traditional way of preparing one’s mind for mediation. Some Buddhists use chanting for purposes of rituals. Buddhism does not considerShow MoreRelatedThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1533 Words   |  7 PagesCritically discuss the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, explaining the reasons or arguments given by Buddhism to support these Truths and discussing at least one objection that could be raised against the first Noble Truth and one objection that could be raised against the second Noble Truth. Buddhism see’s the Four Noble Truths as the Buddha’s way of explaining the truth of the human condition and are described as the essence of His teachings. The Four Noble Truths play an important part in understandingRead MoreBuddhism : The Four Noble Truths859 Words   |  4 Pagesspiritual practices, and traditions, Buddhism. Some of the spiritual practice of Buddhism have largely based teachings today across the world. The teachings consisted of â€Å"The Eightfold Paths,† â€Å"The Four Noble Truths† and some other breathings or meditations. The religion has taught their followers to shadow their own journey in order to assist them in their own lightning way. Some of the practice teachings include meditation and breathing exercise, and chant. Buddhism is a religion that has been aroundRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1642 Words   |  7 PagesMy Enlightenment Ever since I was a sophomore in high school, I have always had a particular interest in Buddhism. I have embraced the similarities that I have found within myself and the Buddhism religion. A few years ago, I was in a dark state of mind after my father had passed away. During my healing process, I felt that I was awakened in which I found my determination to search for my enlightenment. I spent a few weeks searching for what I thought was my path to end my suffering. I needed toRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1635 Words   |  7 PagesIn the history of Buddhism, suffering has always remained a key concept as it is the main reason for using Buddhist principles and practices to relieve ourselves from it. The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism inform us of the following principles: suffering exists in life, there is a cause to our suffering, there is an end to our suffering, and following the eightfold path can relieve our suffering. Traditional forms of Buddhism suggest that we c an overcome suffering by attaining Nirvana, or the stateRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths of Buddhism1018 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion 1: Desire. Please respond to the following: Explain what you think your life would be like if you did not make decisions or act on the basis of your desires. The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism suggest that suffering is caused by desire, and to eliminate suffering, it is essential to eliminate desire. This concept is so simple, and yet so difficult to achieve. From the moment we wake up, desire consumes our thoughts. Desire can inspire us to achieve great things, but desire can alsoRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1248 Words   |  5 PagesIn Herman Hesse’s Siddhartha, the four Noble Truths of Buddhism are revealed throughout the journey of Siddhartha. The Four Noble Truths include: Life means suffering, the origin of suffering is attachment, the cessation of suffering is attainable, and the path to the cessation of suffering. Siddhartha discovers that in order to reach enlightenment, one must have experiences and struggle through these Noble Truths firsthand. The first Noble Truth â€Å"Life means suffering† is shown throughout Siddhartha’sRead MoreBuddhism: Happiness and The Four Noble Truths1442 Words   |  6 Pagespermanent. Gautama’s renunciation of an unsatisfying existence is a great model for anyone following the Buddha’s path. Gautama himself tried to find a teacher to help him find peace, however; this proved ineffective (Haught 47). Therefore, followers of Buddhism must find the way to peace themselves. No one can help them in this quest. One has to experience life on their own; following the rules of others will do nothing to bring about one’s own consciousness. For six years, Gautama joined a group of monksRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths of Buddhism Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesThe Four Noble Truths of Buddhism #65279; Dukkha is the first of the four noble truths of Buddhism. The word means suffering, but just to state suffering as the entirety of the first noble truth, is not enough because the expression of dukkha is the first truth that is needed for salvation. Moreover, dukkha is the conclusion of a logical chain of ideas that explains the life and death cycle of mankind. Before a person recognizes the truth of dukkha, he lives in a space of ignoranceRead MoreDiscussion of the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism2489 Words   |  10 PagesQ2. Outline and discuss the four noble truths: is the Buddhist view of existence optimistic or pessimistic? The question of the Buddhist view of existence being optimistic or pessimistic is one which is many have an opinion on. It could be said that the four noble truths provide the views of the Buddha in the way that life is led and more importantly, should be led. Certainly, the end goal is clearly optimistic, the attainment of spiritual enlightenment, or nirvana. However, the Buddhist viewRead MoreBuddhism, The Noble Eightfold Path And The Four Noble Truths1650 Words   |  7 PagesBuddhism was an incredibly intriguing religion to me due to the emphasis placed on the reality that surrounds us, it’s a rational religion based on peace, self-understanding and the ultimate goal of nirvana. Buddhist followers live their life with three main goals; morality, meditation and enlightenment. Ultimately the core teachings of Buddhism are The Noble Eightfold Path and The Four Noble Truths. It is their lives journey to understand, live kindly and find their inner-peace. In a world so full

Dave A Scandal In The White House Essay Example For Students

Dave: A Scandal In The White House Essay Dave: A Scandal in the White House The President of the United States is regarded as a leader and a role model to the nation. However, many people associate him with scandal and a bad reputation of dishonesty. Hollywood often portrays the role of the presidency in movies and television shows. Some of these portrayals are fictional, but some are accurate. Dave is a movie, starring Kevin Kline as the President and his double that shows a scandal in the White House. They are trying to show how the American people view the President and his actions. Dave shows the overall role that the President has with some accurate details and some glamorized ones of the presidency. Dave is a movie in which the Secret Service finds a double for the President who ends up acting as President while the real one is in a coma. Dave Kovich, the acting President, goes from being a person that finds jobs for people to being the President before he realizes what is going on. He assumes the duties of the President until the White House chief of staff, Bob Alexander, takes the scandal too far and Dave fires him. To cover up the scandal without getting caught, Dave pretends to have a stroke in order to switch the real president and allow the real Bill Mitchell to finally die and the Vice President to take over. The Vice President had not taken over before now because Bob Alexander was trying to get him kicked out of office by blaming him for a previous S L scandal that he and the real President had actually done. Many of the events in the movie are accurate. The daily actions that Dave has as President show some of the tasks of the presidency. After taking over the job, Da ve has to learn the members of the Cabinet and his staff. These are the people that he works with everyday to run the White House and the country, so he has to know who he is working with and what each of them do. He also had to learn about the budget and how to make cuts. He wants to save a bill that will help the homeless get funding, but there is not enough money in the budget. He works with all of the members of the Cabinet to make cuts in each of their departments to make room in the budget for the homeless shelters that he had visited with the First Lady, Sigourney Weaver. Dave is also taught about the branches of government and how the President interacts with each of the branches because he could not pretend to be the President without knowing how the Federal Government works. The movie shows the events that he did in a typical day, such as visiting the homeless shelters, a factory, attending public functions with his wife, and holding press conferences. These real events ne eded to be portrayed to show the accuracy of the presidency that Hollywood is trying to portray. If the entire movie was fictional, the scandal of having a double for the President would not be believable, and many people would not watch the movie. Many actual Presidents of the United States and their were mentioned. This adds to the accuracy of the details of the role of the President that Dave is now playing. More of the events in Dave are inaccurate and could never actually happen in real life. Even though most of the routine events of his day were normal and actually occur, the way he became the President could never really happen. There are too many officials and secret service men that would find out what the Press Secretary and Chief of Staff are doing. According to the Twenty-Fifth Amendment, the Vice President would be acting President as soon as the real one went into a coma. The scandal that they pull off to try and frame the Vice President would not be able to keep him from being President in reality. Also, there would never be a person that looks enough like the President to mislead the entire nation in the first place. No one would be able to pose as President for as long as Dave did and have the American people believe the scam. Also, the people behind the scandal of switching the presidents are never caught and punished for their actions. This could never happen with the med ia today. They are always looking out for a scandal in the White House and they would disclose the truth to the public. There is one person in the movie that noticed the differences in Dave and the real Bill Mitchell and mentioned that he thought it was a conspiracy. However, no one believed him. This would not happen in reality. The people would notice from the beginning if the President was a different man. .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 , .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 .postImageUrl , .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 , .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6:hover , .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6:visited , .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6:active { border:0!important; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6:active , .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6 .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u761003eda19eedd64b13d595bd124ed6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Forensic Science EssayThere are some events in the movie that make people wonder if the President acts like that or not. The situation between the First Lady and the President in which she knows that he has affairs could be similar to the situation with the Clintons. Mrs. Clinton knows about the President and his affairs, but no one knows if they speak or if they sleep in separate rooms as they do in Dave. This situation is probably to show how the people think of the Presidents that are in these situations. Also, at the beginning of the movie, there is a scene of the real President Mitchell speaking with his Cabinet and telling them that he does not want the bill that the y are working on in Congress to pass because he does not care about the homeless shelters. This scene might make the people of the United States wonder if their Presidents are really this heartless behind closed doors and the people never find out. When the United States first won its independence, the President was regarded as a man of honor, someone that the people looked up to. Now the President is the center of many jokes and is often criticized for his personal actions. Dave shows the criticism that the public gives to the President by making a movie about a scandal. Hollywood is glamorizing the scandals that occur in the White House and making them seem like an everyday occurrence. However, the people involved in the scandal that is originally framed on the Vice President were punished. The White House Chief of Staff, Bob Alexander, holds a press conference to tell the people that the President was involved in the scandal that the Vice President was being framed for. However, right before switching Dave with the real President, the acting Bill Mitchell discloses that Alexander was involved and he is punished. This shows that government officials that break the law are punished. The scandal that had occurred before the events in the movie was discovered and those involved were punished. However, the scandal of switching the president and hiding the real one in a coma is a much bigger deal and was never discovered. This gives people the idea that government officials can get away with some of their actions and this is not right. Dave shows many real events in the life of the President. However, there are more inaccurate portrayals of the job also. Dave had to take over and pretend to be the President so that the people would not find out, so he had to carry out the normal jobs that the President would. However, the manner in which he became the President would never actually happen. The movie shows a balance of truth and fiction to show the job of the President and what goes on in the White House. However, many people might look at the movie as glamorizing scandals that take place in Washington and that the people fear are happening without them knowing. Hollywood tried to make a movie that shows how people think of the White House and the President, and scandal and lies are often the first thing that people think of. Movies and Television

The Republic of Night Review Essay Example

The Republic of Night Review Paper Essay on The Republic of Night Yesterday read Republic of Night Zotov. Had never read this author, therefore, is not burdened by the past experiences of his books. Judging by the advertising company and saying, The Republic of Night should be superbestsellera, but to my great regret is not the case. The plot of the book consists of several layers, which differ varying degrees of originality. The most original is that the world is populated by people instead of vampires, they all had a drink in a hundred years before the events described. The second layer is a detective component. The third is a description of ancient Babylon, which subsequently converge the first and second formation. And finally, the fourth layer is a social and political satire, and it is in the book is no less than a third. Lets start with the plot of the first layer. I never have I had never met, the idea of ​​the complete destruction of the people and their replacement by vampires. And it is a description of the vampire world order of life is very interesting to read. However, all the time get out parts that do not fit their world, no matter how the vampires were not sterile. At the same contradictions are found in the very logic of the behavior of vampires. Basically, I believe that vampires are promoted evil, selfish, which is absolutely alien to compassion, altruism, mutual assistance, but since no society can survive for long enough without these qualities, it is often the vampires arrive, as they should not. Examples of mass, you are familiar with them. In any case, a very original idea, which is not fully implemented We will write a custom essay sample on The Republic of Night Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Republic of Night Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Republic of Night Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The second layer -. Detective, quite entangled, but unfortunately also quite predictable and formulaic. There are several interesting points, such as the ending, but only. The third layer, I liked most of all, its a few chapters describing ancient Babylon. One can feel the breath of antiquity and the style is very different from the rest of the book. Its hard to explain why I liked this part of the book, will charge it to my love of antiquities 🙂 Again, to my regret, ending badly let us down, it was clear that she wanted to bring to the mainstream. And not to write, but I will never believe that the ancients were atheists, too much they do not know to use God as a cover. Finally, the fourth layer, which I really did not like, its a satire on our reality. Satire rough and straightforward, making very recognizable and boring. And when the government starts to argue that all cattle, and politicians, full of ghouls who stuffed their pockets, it looks completely unnatural. I would like to mention another point, the author has spent a lot of work, information gathering about the different kinds of vampires and moved it in a book, so if you need a reference for vampires, you can also use this work. the psychology of the characters turned out not so hot. The protagonist is presented with a rag and mumble, chode full all the time to extricate themselves from a variety of states, thus easily revealing different secrets. The main character is so zashtampovannoe, at least send it in Cosmopolitan. The remaining roughly at the same level, except, perhaps, the chief assistant to the villain. Excellent character turned out! Literary authenticity rather low. A lot of inconsistencies in the logic of actions and in the description of the world. This is what I have already said above. The language a solid four. Well-constructed proposals, no rude designs, narrative pace pretty well kept. At five pulls, as there is no raisins, no style, which have authors such as Aldi or Dyachenko. In summary, I can say that the book of the author, I will not soon take in hand. Republic night konyukturschina! I do not know what caused the rave reviews in the press, my advice do not read The evaluation of this product on a scale you can see in my blog !

Heres How Schrodingers Cat Works

Heres How Schrodingers Cat Works Erwin Schrodinger was one of the key figures in quantum physics, even before his famous Schrodingers Cat thought experiment. He had created the quantum wave function, which was now the defining equation of motion in the universe, but the problem is that it expressed all motion in the form of a series of probabilities- something which goes in direct violation to how most scientists of the day (and possibly even today) like to believe about how physical reality operates. Schrodinger himself was one such scientist and he came up with the concept of Schrodingers Cat to illustrate the issues with quantum physics. Lets consider the issues, then, and see how Schrodinger sought to illustrate them through analogy. Quantum Indeterminancy The quantum wave function portrays all physical quantities as a series of quantum states along with a probability of a system being in a given state. Consider a single radioactive atom with a half-life of one hour. According to the quantum physics wave function, after one hour the radioactive atom will be in a state where it is both decayed and not-decayed. Once a measurement of the atom is made, the wave function will collapse into one state, but until then, it will remain as a superposition of the two quantum states. This is a key aspect of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics- its not just that the scientist doesnt know which state its in, but its rather that the physical reality is not determined until the act of measurement takes place. In some unknown way, the very act of observation is what solidifies the situation into one state or another. Until that observation takes place, the physical reality is split between all possibilities. On to the Cat Schrodinger extended this by proposing that a hypothetical cat be placed in a hypothetical box. In the box with the cat we would place a vial of poison gas, which would instantly kill the cat. The vial is hooked up to an apparatus which is wired into a Geiger counter, a device used to detect radiation. The aforementioned radioactive atom is placed near the Geiger counter and left there for exactly one hour. If the atom decays, then the Geiger counter will detect the radiation, break the vial, and kill the cat. If the atom does not decay, then the vial will be intact and the cat will be alive. After the one-hour period, the atom is in a state where it is both decayed and not-decayed. However, given how weve constructed the situation, this means that the vial is both broken and not-broken and, ultimately, according to the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics the cat is both dead and alive. Interpretations of Schrodingers Cat Stephen Hawking is famously quoted as saying When I hear about Schrodingers cat, I reach for my gun. This represents the thoughts of many physicists, because there are several aspects about the thought experiment that bring up issues. The biggest problem with the analogy is that quantum physics typically only operates on the microscopic scale of atoms and subatomic particles, not on the macroscopic scale of cats and poison vials. The Copenhagen interpretation states that the act of measuring something causes the quantum wave function to collapse. In this analogy, really, the act of measurement takes place by the Geiger counter. There are scores of interactions along the chain of events- it is impossible to isolate the cat or the separate portions of the system so that it is truly quantum mechanical in nature. By the time the cat itself enters the equation, the measurement has already been made ... a thousand times over, measurements have been made- by the atoms of the Geiger counter, the vial-breaking apparatus, the vial, the poison gas, and the cat itself. Even the atoms of the box are making measurements when you consider that if the cat falls over dead, it will come in contact with different atoms than if it paces anxiously around the box. Whether or not the scientist opens the box is irrelevant, the cat is either alive or dead, not a superposition of the two states. Still, in some strict views of the Copenhagen interpretation, it is actually an observation by a conscious entity which is required. This strict form of the interpretation is generally the minority view among physicists today, although there remains some intriguing argument that the collapse of the quantum wavefunctions may be linked to consciousness. (For a more thorough discussion of the role of consciousness in quantum physics, I suggest Quantum Enigma: Physics Encounters Consciousness by Bruce Rosenblum Fred Kuttner.) Still another interpretation is the Many Worlds Interpretation (MWI) of quantum physics, which proposes that the situation actually branches off into many worlds. In some of these worlds the cat will be dead upon opening the box, in others the cat will be alive. While fascinating to the public, and certainly to science fiction authors, the Many Worlds Interpretation is also a minority view among physicists, though there is no specific evidence for or against it. Edited by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.

The Mercury Program essays

The Mercury Program essays This report is going to be based on the NASA Mercury Program. The primary goals of this report is to explain the mission and purpose of the program, to give you an overview of the program, to explain the spacecraft used in the program, and to give flight summaries. Beginning in 1958 and culminating in 1963, Project Mercury was the United States' first man-in-space program. The objectives of the program, which made six manned flights from 1961 to 1963, were clear: To orbit a manned spacecraft around Earth, to investigate man's ability to function in space, and to recover both man and spacecraft safely. These goals and objectives were successfully completed. The true beginning of the effort that would in turn be manned space travel cannot be exactly pinpointed. History tells us that it has been in the minds of people since the beginning of recorded history. One might think that is was in the mind of the first people, but with numerous, strict, guidelines space flight was made a reality in 1961 when Astronaut Alan B. Shepard, Jr. rose into space on the first manned space flight in U.S. history. Although the flight only lasted fifteen (15) minutes and twenty-eight (28) seconds this marked a tremendous milestone in space history, U.S. history and world history. This short flight marked the beginning of a new era. This new era was a tough era but would be one to come to pass no less. The many aspects of this mile-marking program were rigorous. The making and testing of the spacecraft had strict guidelines that had to be followed. The selection process of the noble men that flew in the spacecraft was hard. The selection process started wi th 508 people that were screened. Only 110 men met the minimum requirements and standards. After those men were vigorously interrogated only sixty-nine (69) men arrived in Washington. In March of 1959 the number had decrease to thirty- six (36) men. By the end of March after many test and trials app...

HOW DEVELOPMENT LEADS TO DEMOCRACY BY RONALD INGLEHART AND CHRISTIAN Essay

HOW DEVELOPMENT LEADS TO DEMOCRACY BY RONALD INGLEHART AND CHRISTIAN WELZEL - Essay Example The second is the apparent import-substitution strategies of â€Å"backward nations† such as Cuba, Myanmar, and North Korea which have grown the least in terms of political and economic growth. Finally, in contrast to backward nations, the democratization of South Korea and Taiwan confirm the logical flow of liberal economic policies leading to democratic political awareness to further growth and modernization. One of the more ambiguous arguments posited by the author, which may need further investigation is that correlations do not necessarily mean causality. In fact, in a system of institutions, the argument of endogeneity, that is, what really leads to what is often the case of debate. Is it that modernization causes democracy or democracy causes modernization? Even so, there are so many other variables in a system that can cause democracy or modernization. Finally, it is important to note that modernization, according to the author is a syndrome of social changes linked to industrialization, which penetrate all aspects of life, bringing occupational specialization, urbanization, rising educational levels rising life expectancy, and rapid economic growth. All these seem very promising, especially in the lieu of democratic institutions which promote equal and equitable social

Gay Marriages Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gay Marriages Paper - Essay Example It is presently unlawful and not recognized in the state of Colorado. On the other hand, laws have been passed to permit elected beneficiaries, which grant some of the human rights of marriage. Generally, no society can stand the sight of people belonging to the same sex forming families. The countries which have recognized gay marriage are Sweden, Argentina, Canada, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Norway, Netherlands, South Africa and Iceland. The initial gay marriage licenses in the state of Colorado were passed by Clela Rorex in1975. These licenses were later on cancelled by laws that were approved shortly. This topic is extremely interesting to the gay couples in the countries. Same-sex marriage is the blending of two persons of the same sex in a marital bond, by way of complete legal rights and duties allotted to this agreement, by a given authority. Since time immemorial, only heterosexual couples were measured fit for adopting a kid. But these days, same sex couples are also seen en titled for adoption. From the angle of homosexual couples, adoption is an immense chance to raise children. A domestic atmosphere with two parents of opposite sexes is the most appropriate ambiance for the happiness of children. Otherwise, children are likely to be molested by gays, who may even be their foster parents. This puts a very high risk on the lives of small kids who may not be capable to protect themselves from the onslaught of stronger adults. â€Å"Colorado is home to over 13,000 same-sex couples. From 1990 to 2006, the number of same-sex couples in Colorado increased by 648%. Even though so many same-sex couples are living and coming out in Colorado, in 2006 Colorado voters approved an anti-marriage discriminatory constitutional amendment† (Colorado par. 1). Traditionally, marriage has been described as a legal and religious commitment between a woman and man, in addition to the decisive expression of love. So I choose this topic to identify the various reasons for legal constitutionality of gay marriages in Colorado.

100 Words Essay Examples Essay Example for Free

100 Words Essay Examples Essay Essay about Red Nose Day The purpose is to entertain and change lives in the UK and Africa. The money spent to aid young who live on the street and protect people living with domestic abuse. In Africa for vaccines etc. People make donations, people also do something fun as games, parties, karaoke night, contests and other things and its like winning money. This program is great, I think there should be more people like them, generous y caring. This type of action I love. It is best to help and if it is fun and with love is better. 99 words Her Majesty The Queen Buckingham Palace London SW1A 1AA Her Majesty the Queen, My name is Leslie Monserrat Martinez Hernandez, I have 16 years old, Im Mexican and I am student. Im from the state of Hidalgo Mexico but I live in Teotihuacan City of Gods Mexico, I live with my family, my dad, my mom and two younger brothers. Im going to talk about the beautiful place where I live. Teotihuacan is an archaeological site as are the beautiful Pyramids of the Sun and Moon and the Teotihuacan was one of the most important and ancient cultures of Mexico. The food is very tasty, very friendly people and is a quiet, well this Animal Kingdom a great zoo where the animals are free. Teotihuacan is a charming town. I say goodbye without thanking your attention. Greetings and kisses from Mexico. Essay about The British Museum The museum is free, open daily 10.00-17.30 Friday until 20.30. In this museum one of the most important objects of the museum is the Cyrus Cylinder. This museum is very interesting and very important for the United Kingdom You can reach the museum by car, bicycle, subway and bus. The purpose of the museum is to share his collection with the world. People can donate items and museum receives them in order to make the collection bigger. I imagine this museum is very cute and very interesting because it has a variety of information and objects with great meaning. 99 words Essay about Poppy Day Remembrance Day also known as Poppy Day, because it is traditional to wear a poppy artificial. Sold by the Royal British Legion a group dedicated to helping veterans. It is a remembrance of those who died in the war so that people were free, some people prefer to wear a poppy on the left side above his heart. The first day of Poppy Day was in Britain on November 11th, 1921. This commemoration is very beautiful and interesting because it is a nice touch to remind the people who gave their lives in the war. It is an example of love, respect and solidarity. 100 words Essay about St. Patrick’s Day St. Patricks Day is celebrated annually on March 17 to commemorate the death of St. Patrick, patron saint of Ireland. It is a national holiday in Ireland. Many people celebrate the festival by dressing green with Irish food, drink and parades. This festival demonstrates the creativity, professionalism and sophistication of Ireland. The origin of this holiday is in commemoration of the arrival of Christianity to Ireland, one of the traditions of St. Patricks shamrock. This custom is very funny because I think people are going green and all the country of going green and other things that represent this special day. 100 words Essay about Millennium Stadium Millennium Stadium is the national stadium of Wales, where rugby and soccer practice. It is located in the city of Cardiff, capital of Wales, in the UK. There may be 74,500 people. The total construction cost of the stadium was  £ 121 million and was built by Laing in 1999. Opened in June 1999, also the second largest stadium in the world. Its a great stadium, cool and important because it is the largest stadium second the world but to me the history of this stadium did not like, I like football but it is important for me to know him. 100 words

The Need for Available Contraceptives Essay -- Birth Control Children

The Need for Available Contraceptives With each miraculous birth the world’s population heads further towards destruction due to overpopulation. Globally, the population is increasing at a rate of 1 billion every decade, a rate that mankind has never seen before (Bongaarts). Most of this huge increase in population is in developing countries where the population is currently 4.3 billion and is expected to more than double within the next hundred years (Bongaarts). Considering that the world’s resources are already being stretched to sustain the current population a high birth rate will be catastrophic if if is allowed to continue. This population boom must be stopped in order to ensure that future generations can experience the standards of living we enjoy today. Though the high birth rate is mainly due to developing countries, all of humanity must work together to overcome it. Hope for the future is only possible if the developed world supports the effort with funds and resources. The key weap on in this battle is birth control, which must be spread globally to those who lack means of controlling their fertility. Although one little child does not put a significant stress on the world’s resources, the number of children currently being born will cause irreversible and unreasonable demands on the earth. President of the Population Institute Werner Fornos warns, â€Å" Population growth is a leading contributor to environmental degradation† (â€Å"Keynote address†). Environmental degradation happens and will continue to happen as we pollute the earth, contribute to global warming, create landfills, and consume our precious and often nonrenewable resources (Bongaarts). Realizing the drastic damage our population h... ...ption and Induced Abortion in Rural Ghana.† Tropical Medicine & International Health 7 (2002): 708-716. Hartmann, Betsy. â€Å"Population Control I: Birth of an Ideology.† International journal of health services 27 (1997): 523-540. â€Å"Keynote address.† Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review 21 (1994): 251-256. â€Å"Nothing is unthinkable.† The Lancet 336 (1990): 659(3). Rosenfield, Allan. â€Å"The Fifth Freedom Revisited: I, Background and Existing Programmes.† The Lancet 336 (1990): 1227-1232. Sharpless, John. â€Å"World population Growth, Family Planning, and American Foreign Policy.† Journal of Policy History 7 (1995): 72-102. United Nations Secretariat. Dept. of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division. Fertility, Contraception and Population Policies. 25 April 2003. â€Å"Whose future? Whose world?† The Lancet 342 (1993): 1125-1127.

Horror Films

Movies have been growing increasingly more explicit for years. Horror films are no longer based on a cleverly written script with lots of twists and turns, but rather how graphic and twisted the images are throughout the movie. Horror films are appealing to viewers for various reasons. In fact, according to some film critics, â€Å"good† horror films have particular characteristics. Maggie McCutcheon in â€Å"Too Disturbing, Too Shocking,† According to Olson, people particularly enjoy experiencing the end of their fear and terror.Once the fear and terror have ended, people feel better. And, according to Stephen King in â€Å"Why We Crave Horror Movies,† horror films can help us confront our fears, and help us deal with the â€Å"bad side† of ourselves. Given the wide variety of characteristics â€Å"good â€Å"horror films have, this paper will address two specific characteristics of horror films. One characteristic is visual images/suggestions that symb olize our fears. Another characteristic is vitality or strength of source of horror.In order to analyze the characteristics of horror films, I viewed Poltergeist, an early 1980s film about a family being haunted by earthbound spirits, and I also read four definitive articles about horror films. One characteristic of a good horror films is visual images/suggestions that symbolize our fears. Stanley J. Solomon in â€Å"The Nightmare World† claims the cinema of horror concretizes this nightmare world- our abstract fears of destruction and death.The Midnight visits of vampires, the laboratory induced reincarnations, the skull deformities, the murders in the fog – these visual images of the genre may be the symbols of our fears rather than the psychological source of them, but the terror without a body is terror deprived of a means of menacing us. The movie Poltergeist certainly has this characteristic. Examples of visual images from the movie is a scary clown that looks me an , sitting in the chair and has the ability to move , goes under Robbie’s bed.A hand reaching out of the TV also the gateway for the beast to reach Carol Anne, parents later communicate with Carol Anne through the TV. Another image is a Dead tree outside the house making scary shadows every time it storms and also tries to eat Robbie. And in the closet there is a monster that takes Carol Anne and at the end of the movie the closet turns in to a Giant throat with a serpent coming out of it sucking the house in to the earth. So clearly the viewers can see the characteristic of isual images in the horror film Poltergeist. Another characteristic of a horror film is Vitality or strength of source of horror. Stanley J. Solomon in â€Å"The Nightmare World† claims If the depiction of archetypal fears is one aspect of the genre, the process whereby these fears become dramatic incidents in a film reveals at least two other genre traits: the degree of unpreparedness on the par t of the endangered victim, and the vitality or strength of the source of horror. The movie Poltergeist certainly has this characteristic.Some examples are a normal looking neighborhood, Tweety dies , Steven has a remote control war with his neighbor , Carol Anne answers the TV people questions, Diane mentions the swimming pool what if Carol Anne falls in, the way the clown looks when its lighting in the kids room and when the Tree and storm clouds look and the hand reaching out from the TV, but only Carol Anne sees it- rest of the family thinks it’s a earthquake and the chairs stacked up, out from the table , and Robbie utensils are bent.So you can definitely tell that Poltergeist has the characteristic in the film. In conclusion Poltergeist clearly reflects the characteristics of having visual images/suggestions that symbolize our fears and of allowing viewers a degree of unpreparedness on the part of the endangered victim. Based on my evaluation, I believe Poltergeist is a very effective horror film.In fact, according to Tim Dirks article states that horror films are generally set in spooky old mansions or fog shrouded, dark locales, with â€Å"unknown,† supernatural or grotesque creatures, ranging from vampires, madmen, devils unfriendly ghost, monsters, even the unseen, diabolical presence of evil. This is the case with Poltergeist, and I think many people still like this horror film till this day.

Democratizing Effect of Internet Essay

In the modern world of today, there has been a whole new transformation in how people access information. Rather than having access to information alone, they discuss it with their peers and gain valuable insights into a topic through the ideas and opinions of others involved. (Ferdinand , 2000) There are different conversational technologies through which information available on the internet has and is become democratized. These include blogs, chat rooms, online communities, e-mails, discussion forums, sites like facebook and orkut. com. People discuss different issues with each other from different parts of the world through these sources and contribute in effective exchange and dissemination of information. These have also helped in creating a social circle where people become friends with each other though located in different parts of the world. This means that internet has removed all physical boundaries and has created a virtual world where any one can communicate across the barriers. Through discussions, people strengthen their knowledge base and get to know about different perspectives relating to a single topic. People express their ideas and opinions freely on communities without any fear which can be seen and thought by all. This sharing of knowledge is mainly carried out through conversations where people involve in healthy discussion or raise questions and others answer them. Then there are blogs created on different topics where people post their thoughts on that particular topic. This is not only being done by people to burn time rather this has become their hobby. They like taking an active part in discussion and join communities and post their messages. (David Simon, Corrales , and Wolfensberger , 2002) Organizations are responsible for creating, sharing, storing and retrieving valuable information which helps in the functioning of the business. The internet has helped in doing so. They have employed different knowledge management and information systems which help in the creation and sharing of information. These systems have also caused the internet to democratize information so that everyone working in an organization can make use of that. Every employee from middle level to the strategic level has a computer working on his desk with internet connectivity. They use internet to bring in creative and innovate ideas which raises their position in the organization. Previously, people used to refrain from sharing data or knowledge with others because of the difference in their cultural backgrounds. Most of the conversation was done face to face so people felt uncomfortable in sharing their ideas and opinions. But since internet technologies have become incorporated in the organization, the employees can discuss different issues through the internet on their computers with others without any face to face contact. This has increased their comfort level in presenting their ideas and opinions without any fear of criticism. Organizations have developed intranet and portals where employees and manages share information and discuss any of their issues or problems. Now let us discuss how information is democratized on internet through different conversational technologies. Examples are illustrated to support the topic to make it understand in a better way. BLOGS The first truly democratic tool used through the internet is ‘blogging’. These are web pages created on different topics by authors, teachers, politicians, creative writers, organizations, communities etc to discussing a particular issue and share with others whatever information they have on that particular topic. They also invite ideas, opinions and suggestions from others who view the website to share their comments over the topic. Different bloggers write on different topics and make their information accessible to others. Since everyone can view blogs and comment on it, this information circulates and everyone using internet comes to know about it sooner or later. This creates a democratizing effect on the population by blogs. An example would further illustrate this point. (Saco , 2002) Chinese people were not happy with Dell computers and started blogging about it on the internet. They criticized Dell computers and laptops for their wrong processors and poor customer service and everyone eventually learned about that living in different countries like U. K, U. S. A etc. Dell customers dissatisfied with the product started discussing the drawbacks in the products online. The angry customers combined together from different areas and raised voices against the company leading to severe action like lawsuit. This is the power of blogs or in other words the power of internet. This led the Dell Company into serious trouble when they saw that their purchases were declining and not only their target markets but others were also getting wrong impressions of the company. The customers created a bad word of mouth by blogging on the internet and people all over the world believed that to be true. This created a democratic effect and every one developed a negative attitude towards Dell products. Because of the democratic effect of the internet, people all over the world feel free and empowered to share their opinions and post their comments related to their experiences on websites readable to millions of users. These users also tend to believe their comments and take similar actions. Recently multinationals are themselves creating blogs about their products on web pages and inviting their customer’s comments after experiencing their products. This way the organizations can know whether their target market likes or dislikes their products, whether they feel content and satisfied or not. Moreover, people read blogs related to a product before going for its purchase to avoid any negative feelings thereafter. There are blogs available on a breadth of topics, people blog about the things they like as well as they dislike and this information spreads so quickly through internet that one cannot even imagine the speed. Online Communities People create online communities on topics that interest them. They are like discussion forums where people post their comments related to that topic. They come to know about different perspectives existing on a single topic and sometimes agree with it and some times contradict it. These forums are like debating societies where a group of people speaks in favor of a particular topic while others speak in against. The tone of the discussion varies. By participating in discussion forums people share their information and also take information from others which increases their knowledge base. Communities can also be created on a wide range of topics and have a similar impact as blogs. People ask questions and others answer them thus, allowing the information to circulate worldwide. Chat Rooms This is the most common type of tool used for communication of personal as well as professional information. Instead of posting comments there, chat rooms offer instantaneous communication. They are used in organizations for communication and problem solving purposes. Students and teachers use chat rooms for working on assignments and projects etc. An example for explaining the democratizing effect of chat rooms is the case of Colgate-Palmolive (CL). It was spread through chat rooms in 2005 by Chinese people that Colgate Total Toothpaste which is a product of CL was linked with cancer because it contained a cancer causing ingredient. Not only chat rooms, discussion forums as well blogs played a major role in spreading this information throughout the world so that more and more people should abstain from using this toothpaste as it could be dangerous to life. CL noticed that the sale of its Colgate Total tooth paste nearly diminished because of the internet’s democratizing effect. This effect is causing much harm to multinational companies whose products are not being sold in the world market because of the opinion of people living in one country. E-mail E-mail is one of the most frequently used ways by the whole population for communication purposes. It the replacement of traditional system of writing letters but is faster, speedy, and more efficient. Information is spread very quickly through e-mails. If a person receives an informative mail then he quickly forwards it to all his peers and friends in social circle who then forward it to their peers and the cycle goes on like this. This way the information continues to spread among population without any stop. Whenever we receive any forward mail, the message first starts with a huge list to which the message has already been forwarded. This way one receives huge information regarding different topics. Recently, I received a forward mail in which there was mentioned how mobile phones can burst while used on charge. There were even pictures given to support the point. I immediately forwarded the mail to everyone I knew because it is important for everyone to know the consequences of using mobile phones while being on charge. Another such informative mail was circulated which contained that mentos and cold drinks should not be consumed simultaneously as it leads to death. It showed pictures of an experiment by putting mentos into a bottle of coke which burst with showers. People receive these mails through different sources and we circulate these mails to as many people as possible because we want the world to become aware of these little things which can have bigger consequences. CONCLUSION The above discussion makes it clear how internet can result in the democratizing of information. Critics argue that it is not democratizing of information but it is creating a pro social change among the masses. They say it depends on a person who is using internet. If they are using it for democratizing purposes then it will surely have a democratizing effect. But since internet allows access to all and information is available to all regardless of the purpose for which it is being used then it is rightly said that internet has a democratizing effect. It has created a virtual world where information is not limited and continues to spread among the masses through blogs, e-mail, chat rooms and discussion forums. Any one can create information over the internet and anyone can read that piece of information. There exists no limit and boundaries. Thus, internet has increasingly become a democratizing tool for masses and people use it with increased vigor and determination. (Tranvik , 2005)

Marxism and Economic Theory essays

Marxism and Economic Theory essays Human relationships have always been dynamic. Change and adaptability have gone hand in hand with the passage of time for human society. Systems have been developed to regulate, direct and control the resources of this society. The systems are referred to as governments and the resources as the populace or inhabitants and forces of production. A government must be dynamic in its nature reflecting the change in society. At times these systems have resisted the necessity to adapt with its components (Society) creating a deficit between the system and those it regulates. As the deficits develop, they cause instability, and could lead to revolution.1 Theories have been developed to explain the systemic phenomenon called revolution. This paper will discuss three modern theories and apply them to the English revolution of 1640. The first theory, developed by Carl Marx (Marxism), will address the economic evolution in English society. This theory will emphasize and explain how the shift from a feudal/mercantile system to capitalism affected English society. The second, called the Resource Mobilization Theory (RMT) developed by Charles Tilly, will explain how the English organizations (the Crown and the Parliament) effectively obtained, amassed and managed resources. Samuel Huntington's, "Institutional Theory", will argue that the existing government at that time was unable to incorporate the demands and personnel that the socio-economic changes created. Marxism was formulated in the 19th century. Carl Marx and his associate Frederick Engels observed the socio-economic changes that were transpiring in Britain. England was the dominant world power and had the largest industrialized economy during the 1800's. The development of the factory and the institution of the assembly line created a large demand for workers. This demand was satiated by migrating peasant from the rural areas in England and Ireland to developing urban cent...

Battle of Salamanca - Peninsular War Battle of Salamanca

Battle of Salamanca - Peninsular War Battle of Salamanca Battle of Salamanca - Conflict Date: The Battle of Salamanca was fought July 22, 1812, during the Peninsular War, which was part of the larger Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). Armies Commanders: British, Spanish, Portuguese Viscount Wellington51,949 men French Marshal Auguste Marmont49,647 men Battle of Salamanca - Background: Pushing into Spain in 1812, British, Portuguese, and Spanish troops under Viscount Wellington were confronted by French forces led by Marshal Auguste Marmont. Though his army was advancing, Wellington grew increasingly concerned as the size of Marmonts command steadily increased. When the French army matched and then became slightly larger than his, Wellington elected to halt the advance and began falling back towards Salamanca. Under pressure from King Joseph Bonaparte to take the offensive, Marmont began moving against Wellingtons right. Crossing the River Tormes, southeast of Salamanca, on July 21, Wellington was resolved not to fight unless under favorable circumstances. Placing some of his troops on a ridge facing east towards the river, the British commander concealed the bulk of his army in the hills to the rear. Moving across the river the same day, Marmont wished to avoid a major battle, but felt compelled to engage the enemy in some way. Early the next morning, Marmont spotted dust clouds behind the British position in the direction of Salamanca. Battle of Salamanca - The French Plan: Misinterpreting this as a sign that Wellington was retreating, Marmont devised a plan calling for the bulk of his army to move south and west to get behind the British on the ridge with the goal of cutting them off. In actuality, the dust cloud was caused by the departure of the British baggage train which had been sent towards Ciudad Rodrigo. Wellingtons army remained in place with its 3rd and 5th Divisions en route from Salamanca. As the day progressed, Wellington shifted his troops into positions facing south, but still concealed from sight by a ridge. Battle of Salamanca - An Unseen Enemy: Pushing forward, some of Marmonts men engaged the British on the ridge near the Chapel of Nostra Seà ±ora de la Peà ±a, while the bulk began the flanking movement. Moving onto a L-shaped ridge, with its angle at a height known as the Greater Arapile, Marmont positioned the divisions of Generals Maximilien Foy and Claude Ferey on the short arm of the ridge, opposite the known British position, and ordered the divisions of Generals Jean Thomià ¨res, Antoine Maucune, Antoine Brenier, and Bertrand Clausel to move along the long arm to get in the enemys rear. Three additional divisions were placed near the Greater Arapile. Marching along the ridge, the French troops were moving parallel to Wellingtons hidden men. Around 2:00 PM, Wellington observed the French movement and saw that they were becoming strung out and had their flanks exposed. Rushing to the right of his line, Wellington met General Edward Pakenhams arriving 3rd Division. Instructing him and Brigadier General Benjamin dUrbans Portuguese cavalry to strike at the head of the French column, Wellington rushed to his center and issued orders for his 4th and 5th Divisions to attack over the ridge with support from the 6th and 7th as well as two Portuguese brigades. Battle of Salamanca - Wellington Strikes: Intercepting Thomià ¨res division, the British attacked and drove back the French, killing the French commander. Down the line, Mancune, seeing British cavalry on the field, formed his division into squares to repel the horsemen. Instead, his men were assaulted by Major General James Leiths 5th Division which shattered the French lines. As Mancunes men fell back, they were attacked by Major General John Le Marchants cavalry brigade. Cutting down the French, they moved on to attack Breniers division. While their initial assault was successful, Le Marchant was killed as they pressed their attack. The French situation continued to worsen as Marmont was wounded during these early attacks and was taken from the field. This was compounded by the loss of Marmonts second-in-command, General Jean Bonnet, a short time later. While the French command was reorganized, Major General Lowry Coles 4th Division along with Portuguese troops attacked the French around the Greater Arapile. Only by massing their artillery were the French able to repel these assaults. Taking command, Clausel attempted to retrieve the situation by ordering one division to reinforce the left, while his division and Bonnets division, along with cavalry support, attacked Coles exposed left flank. Slamming into the British, they drove Coles men back and reached Wellingtons 6th Division. Seeing the danger, Marshal William Beresford shifted the 5th Division and some Portuguese troops to aid in dealing with this threat. Arriving on the scene, they were joined by the 1st and 7th Divisions which Wellington had moved to the 6ths aid. Combined, this force repelled the French assault, forcing the enemy to begin a general retreat. Fereys division attempted to cover the withdrawal but was driven off by the 6th Division. As the French retreated east towards Alba de Tormes, Wellington believed the enemy was trapped as the crossing was supposed to be guarded by Spanish troops. Unknown to the British leader, this garrison had been withdrawn and the French were able to escape. Battle of Salamanca - Aftermath: Wellingtons losses at Salamanca numbered around 4,800 killed and wounded, while the French suffered around 7,000 killed and wounded, as well as 7,000 captured. Having destroyed his principal opposition in Spain, Wellington advanced and captured Madrid on August 6. Though forced to abandon the Spanish capital later in the year as new French forces moved against him, the victory convinced the British government to continue the war in Spain. Additionally, Salamanca dispelled Wellingtons reputation that he only fought defensive battles from positions of strength and showed that he was a gifted offensive commander. Selected Sources British Battles: Battle of SalamancaPeninsular War: Battle of SalamancaNapoleon Guide: Salamanca

Please answer the following questions Assignment

Please answer the following questions - Assignment Example Functional structure classifies the people with the function they perform. Divisional structure- These are structures which based upon various divisions within organizations. This is further divided into; product structure which is based on the organizational of the staff and a duty which is based on different products the company produces. Market structure which classifies the employees according to the market the company deals in. Geographical structure which is applicable to organizations working in different places (Schein 59). Other kinds of structures include; bureaucratic structures, pre bureaucratic structures, network structure and team structure. Bureaucratic structures are advantages in organizations with complex managements. Pre bureaucratic is suitable when administration is centralized. While network structure help maintain coordinates. b) What is organizational culture-These are the behaviors and the values that explain the social uniqueness and the organizational psychological environment. It is therefore the summation of organizations preset and past experiences and philosophy hat defines and hold the organization together. It is rooted on the customs, beliefs, attitudes and norms. It is manifested through the strength of the staff, flow of power and information, autonomy and freedom in the organization and the ways business is conducted in the organization. The organization culture is regarded either strong or weak. This is depends on how it spreads within the organization. Culture affects organizations productivity and the quality. It also influences marketing and advertising strategies. In India the major drivers are power distance; people are not equal in the society 77. Individualism; this explains the degree of interdependence maintained among members is rated at 48 Masculinity/Feminist indicating success n competition 56. Uncertainty and avoidance and the long term orientation which involves dealing

Coccydenia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Coccydenia - Essay Example By adopting these AT devices, day-to-day activities, both professional and personal are not hampered. The article presents an insight about the AT devices for coccydenia patient to make them self reliant and confident to execute their routine tasks in a normal way. Coccydenia or coccygodynia is pain in the area of the coccyx (tailbone). It is also known as "tailbone pain", coccygeal pain, coccyx pain, coccaglia. Medically it is recognized as an inflammation of the tailbone or coccyx, a hollow region present between the buttocks. It is a discomfort or acute pain in the coccyx, this pain varies from mild to extreme. There are various factors that trigger the onset of Coccydenia, an injury or trauma to the coccyx; injury may extend to severe bruising, dislocation, fracture of the coccyx, or other factors like constant sitting posture, fall, childbirth, repetitive strain, surgery or due to journey discomfort. The reason could be any one of these but the condition is extremely painful. The pain can disappear on its own, lasting only for a short span or may require treatment if it persist for year(s) (What is Coccydenia). It is unfortunate that inspite of the fact that it is painful inflammation, common coccygodynia or Coccydenia is poorly understood. In order o understand the origin of the syndrome, along with pain in pericoccygeal soft tissue, spasm of the muscles of the pelvic floor, referred pain from the lumbar pathology, arachnoiditis of the lower sacral nerve roots, local posttraumatic lesions, somtization etc (Howorth 1959, Nelson 1991, Postacchini & Massobrio 1983, Stern 1967). It is therefore no specific reason of coccydenia has come up. In most of the reported cases it is often associated with the fall on buttocks or a delivery as precipitating event or is associated with the constant sitting position. The victims may feel pain due to movement from constant sitting to standing position. It is also reported that sufferers feel pain when sitting on a hard, unyielding surface for too long. Other aspects encompassing coccydenia are deep pain in the tailbone region, pain during bowel movements or sex and development of sensitivity to pressure on the back especially buttocks along with shooting pain moving down the leg similar to sciatica (What is coccydynia, its symptoms and cure). These aspects have enabled Maigne et al, (1992, 1994) to develop a protocol to document the painful coccyx with dynamic films and coccygeal discography. Dynamic films are characterized as X-ray films in the lateral sitting position (the painful position) and they are compared with the standard lateral roentgenograms. The percentage is more in females as compared to males due to anatomical reasons. In females the pelvis leaves the coccyx more exposed causing chronic inflammation. Gray (1973) has defined sacrococcygeal joints as thin intervertebral discs of fibrocartilage. The intercoccygeal joints are synovial infrequently. There are various speculations reported about the sacrococcygeal joint, it is disc, a synovial joint, an extensive cleft, with a frame of annual fibers or synovial cells (Maigne et al, 1992). In some patients ossification of coccyx was reported (Saluja, 1988). Coccyx depicts the flexion and extension physiological movements. Active flexion is the movement in the forward

Case study in ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Case study in ethics - Essay Example Thus, the popular appeal of a certain depiction that is rendered in an advertisement creates a condition of biased, shallow perception. This kind of perception is highly reductive. In this case study, I shall focus on the issue of the image of Obama in an advertisement that has a certain pedigree of racism and political labeling. This discourse shall be explained and engaged further in the succeeding parts of the paper. At the same time, aside from the construction of the image, the impression derived thereof shall be put into account by looking into the formal elements that make up the image. At the same time, there is also a need to clearly assess why the image creates an impression through certain sensibilities, which are political, cultural and sociological in nature and must be discussed in conjunction with the signs that parts of images create for the spectator to gaze. Looking at the elements of the image, Obama’s image is presented with sickle and hammer, which are embodiments of communism (â€Å"Image†). Another crucial thing to look at the image is the use of the terms â€Å"somewhere in Kenya a village is missing its idiot Obama† (â€Å"Empty Suit†). Together with the image comes the face of Obama, smiling and wearing formal attire that befits the campaigning needed for the elections. The advertisement has these elements that evoke a totally different level of problematic propositions and discourses of representation. To understand the points to be raised in this paper, there is a need to understand that the context of presidential elections must be duly considered since this defines how the image works and creates a certain standard for judgment. The first thing that must be understood is that the image is highly offensive, given that the signs and symbols that have been incorporated in the advertisement are tantamount to

Understanding the affordable care act Essay Example for Free

Understanding the affordable care act Essay Understanding the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act(PPACA or ACA) can be difficult but it is not as confusing as it may seem. This paper will highlight some of the provisions that have already been implemented and will discuss how it affects me, healthcare workers, and the citizens of Arkansas. There are two provisions I will discuss that went into effect on January 1, 2011. One is known as the Medical-Loss Ratio(MLR) and the other is a policy focused on Bringing down healthcare premiums. The MLR policy will put an end to insurance companies being able to raise rates without explaining their actions, or justifying the reason for their high premiums. The policy aims to bring transparency to the healthcare rate changes by requiring â€Å"that all insurers seeking rate increases of 10% or more in the individual or small group market publicly disclose the proposed increases and the justification for them†. (Insurance Rate Increases, Posted: December 21, 2010, para. 4) These proposed increases will be analyzed further by the affected state before approval to determine if they are in fact reasonable. The ACA provides funding to states in order to strengthen or create rate review processes and consumers will be provided with detailed information on proposed increases from their insurance provider. The other significant policy made effective at the same time is one that will bring down the cost of insurance premiums. Under this provision, insurers must spend 80% (for individual or small group insurers) or 85% (for large group insurers) of premium dollars on health costs and claims, leaving only 20% or 15% respectively for adminis trative costs and profits. If an insurer fails to meet this requirement, there is no penalty, but a rebate must be issued to the policy holder. (Key Features of the ACA, n.d.) This affects me by protecting me from unreasonable rate increases. As I get older, I make more frequent visits to a healthcare provider for both acute and chronic illness. The costs add up quickly and with a limited source of income, anything that I can save helps greatly. A common feeling among insurance holders is that we are paying for something that we never use so the idea of a rebate for overpayment of premiums will be welcomed by all. There is one provision that became effective on September 23, 2010 that was a relief to my family in a time of despair. My mother underwent many procedures and surgeries in the last few years of her life and we were concerned about limits on annual or lifetime coverage placed on her by the insurance company. Under the law, insurance companies are prohibited from imposing lifetime dollar limits on essential benefits, and their use of annual dollar limits on the amount of insurance coverage a patient may receive will be restricted. Her medical bills were significant, but we never had to worry about her coverage expiring. The American Nurses Association has fighting for health care reform for many years. By doing so, the ANA is promoting our core value of patient advocacy. We have been taught that we should represent our patients’ best interests in regards to healthcare at all times. So supporting measures that will allow for more affordable healthcare, is what nurses should do. The ANA has been working to ensure that RNs are â€Å"fully included as leaders and eligible health care providers in new, patient-centered, team-based models of care, and accountable care organizations. ANA continues to urge federal agencies to include advanced practice registered nurses as primary care providers, and for nurse-managed clinics to qualify as essential community providers.† (Still The Law, August 2012, para. 7) Arkansas has put much effort into forming our Health Insurance Benefits Exchange, called the Arkansas Health Connector. It is a program through which our more than 500,000 uninsured Arkansas can shop for affordable health insurance. The plans are required to offer 10 essen tial services. Some of which include prescription drugs, emergency and hospital care, doctor visits, maternity and mental health services, rehabilitation and lab services. â€Å"The Arkansas insurance Department(AID) has been awarded a one year, $1 million planning grant from the United States Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Center for Consumer Information and Insurance Oversight CCIIO) to assist with studying options for development of the best possible Insurance Exchange for Arkansans.† (Planning for HBE, n.d., para. 2) This Arkansas Health Connector makes it easier for uninsured individuals to shop for comparable and affordable health plans. The requirements placed on these plans are also greatly needed in order to provide complete healthcare and prevent future healthcare related costs. The only cons that I will mention are that not enough people know about the availability of this program and that if people do not already know, they will found out rather abruptly when they are assessed a $95 penalty on their filed income tax return. The ACA  outlines plans to reduce episodic based care and increase population(community) base d care. The idea is to provide a higher value of healthcare instead of volume, while reducing readmissions for nosocomial infections, preventable diseases, or complications from chronic conditions and illnesses. By implementing community based programs to promote healthcare, we can reduce healthcare costs and help patients live healthier lives with reducing the risks of significant and recurring medical problems as well as their associated costs. Regardless of arguments against the ACA, the most important aspect is that it helps Americans to become and remain healthier people. It teaches our next generation to value healthcare, and to take an active role in being healthier adults. The ACA will affect me professionally as well as personally. Another provision of the ACA provides for the increase of payments for rural healthcare providers. The majority of communities who are most in need of higher quality and more affordable healthcare, are located in the rural areas of our country. These communities often have trouble attracting and retaining medical professionals. My wife is also a nursing student, and we live in a rural area, so we plan to take advantage of these incentives to provide a hig her standard of healthcare to those in need. A similar provision worth mentioning calls for the rebuilding of the primary care workforce. In order to strengthen the availability and quality of healthcare, there has been increased funding for scholarships and loan repayments for primary care physicians and nurses working in underserved areas, as well as tax free student loan payments for these health professionals. (Key Features of the ACA, n.d.) Again this affects my wife and I directly through scholarship opportunities and reduced financial burden after we graduate. Also affecting me is the increase in the number of patients seeking healthcare due to more people have health insurance. This will increase the demand for both registered and advanced practice nurses in episodic based care as well as in the community. Our role as an educator will be more important than ever when teaching patients who have never had affordable health care. There are many arguments against this legislation, but as an aspiring nurse, I have yet to fin d one that suggests ACA is not the best option we have for making a healthier future for America. References Affordable care act is still the law. (August 2012). Retrieved from http://www.theamericannurse.org/index.php/2012/08/06/affordable-care-act-is-still-the-law/ Key features of the affordable care act by year. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/facts/timeline/timeline-text.html#2010 Planning for the arkansas health benefits exchange. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://hbe.arkansas.gov/Planning.pdf Shining a light on health insurance rate increases. (Posted: December 21, 2010). Retrieved from https://www.cms.gov/CCIIO/Resources/Fact-Sheets-and-FAQs/ratereview.html

Columbus Day Debate Essay -- Christopher Columbus Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The spirit and values of a nation are reflected in the nation’s heroes. Christopher Columbus has been regarded as an American hero since 1792. Every year Columbus Day is held on the second Monday in October to honor the man and his legacy. However, many people debate whether or not Columbus Day should be celebrated. I believe that Columbus Day should be celebrated in the United States because he opened up the New World to Europe, inspired a spirit of exploration and adventure that still lasts today, and he showed the importance of diversity and understanding of different cultures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Columbus landed on the beaches of the Watling Islands of the Bahamas in October, 1492, he had inadvertently opened up a whole new world for the Europeans, Asians, and other countries of the Eastern hemisphere. Although Columbus was not the first man to truly discover the Americas, he can be credited as the man who made their existence known worldwide. The discovery of the Americas launched an era of discovery and exploration, especially in Europe. Many new foods and animals were brought to the Old World from the Americas. This would not have been possible with out Christopher Columbus. In addition, Columbus’s explorations eventually led to a period of economical growth in Europe. It is important that we take time to remember Columbus’s achievements on Columbus Day.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Columbus must always be honored for his ...

Education In The Early Soviet Union Essay

The early 20th century was a time of change for many parts of the world; advances in all areas of technology and changing mindsets made a huge difference in the way that human civilization progressed. One significant example of this was the overthrow of Czarist Russia and the establishment of the Soviet Union . While far from a revolution in freedom, the Soviet Union was revolutionary in many ways that are still worthy of discussion. With this in mind, this paper will present an account of the historical period of the Early Soviet Union and of the impact of education on that period. EDUCATION EVOLVES WITH THE BIRTH OF THE SOVIET UNION An understanding of the birth of the Soviet Union, as well as its educational system, requires first an overview of the political and educational system which preceded it. Russia, under control of the Czars, was a land of great darkness- politically, economically and educationally. For the Czars, the rule of law was intended to keep the masses as oppressed as possible; there were limited job opportunities, leading to widespread famine, poverty and deprivation from all vantage points. In many ways, these factors can be directly linked to a lack of available education for the masses , and vice versa. The insistence of the government in place to keep the populous ignorant and ill-educated kept the collective skill set of the people at a bare minimum, relegating them to menial jobs for low pay. Even with the oppressive taxation imposed by the Czars, there was little money available to support decent education, even if the Czars wanted to have such institutions in place. At any rate, the change of education definitely came with the change from Czarist rule to the establishment of the Soviet state. With the 1917 Russian Revolution, not only were the people shifted from the essentially dictatorial system of government they had known before to one that was largely driven by Socialism , a system which relied on the sheer power of the people to provide the muscle needed to power the factories, build the roads, and brandish the weapons that would keep the state economically viable, physically strong, and able to meet the challenges of enemies foreign or domestic. A key to this power, it was immediately discovered, would in fact come from the education of the common people. Previously, the upper classes were guaranteed education through private means, as they had the ability to pay for such instruction, but there existed an entire class of people for whom the books of knowledge had essentially been sealed shut for generations upon generations. To ensure that education would be delivered to towns large and small across the Soviet Union, from the earliest days of the Revolution, boards of education were established in each of the republics which comprised the Soviet Union. In this way, education could likewise be customized for the needs of any particular locality. This should not give the impression, however, that education was autonomous in each of the republics, or that there was no agenda behind education. As much as education aimed to teach marketable and practical skills to the average Soviet, it was also designed to indoctrinate impressionable minds about the superiority of the Soviet governmental systems, ideologies, and theories, for it was the compliance of the people that would allow the Soviet Union to grow to dominance over a period of several decades. A MISSING ELEMENT FROM SOVIET EDUCATION From the very beginning of the Soviet Union, its educational system and political ideology were unavoidably entwined. One of the key tenets of the Soviet philosophy, which was consequently built in to the educational system is the entire lack of a spiritual element, as Soviet leaders subscribed to the assertions of Dostoevsky that without having to wrestle with the idea of the existence of God, the mind is thereby free to imagine that anything is possible, as many of the moral dilemmas which complicate decision making are effectively erased. CONCLUSION In conclusion, what can be seen in the parallel development of the Soviet Union as a state and its accompanying educational system is the introduction of political ideology and practical instruction, both with the collective goal of advancing the state. This worked for decades and brought the Soviet Union to the status of world superpower in a remarkably short time. Therefore, in conclusion, what can best be said about education and the early history of Soviet Union is that they were inexorably linked, and each enhanced the other. REFERENCES Daniel, Wallace. 1996. Religion, Science, Russia: An Interview with Boris Raushenbakh. The Christian Century, 28 February, 232+. Dundua, Shalva. 2003. The Legacy of the Soviet Education System and Attempts to Introduce New Methodologies of Teaching in Georgia. Childhood Education 79, no. 6: 347+. Nearing, Scott. 1926. Education in Soviet Russia. New York: International Publishers. Zlobin, Nikolai. 1996. Things Fall Apart. World Affairs 158, no. 3: 148-155.

Microsoft Opens the Gates: Patent, Piracy, and Political Challenges in China Essay

Microsoft faced many macro risks when operating in China. Many of these risks included software piracy, Chinese government pressure to transfer technology, host government promotion of competitor products, discriminatory procurement practices by sub-national authorities in China, and the strong encouragement for Microsoft to enter joint ventures with local firms. One main micro risk that Microsoft faced was when the Beijing Municipal government avoided Microsoft by awarding operating system software contracts for 2,000 PCs to Red Flag Linux. I see these risk increasing due to the fact that the Chinese Central Bank has put new restrictions to foreign exchange transactions in attempt to control the flow of convertible currency out of the country. This restriction set in place by the Chinese Central Bank was described as a â€Å"crackdown† on illegal transactions. This change will effectively make it more difficult for both domestic and international companies to move capital in and out of China. In result, only increasing the risks for MNCs to do business in China. Another main reason why I see the risks increasing is that the Chinese government has not made an effort to control the piracy/counterfeiting issues. Counterfeiters are China’s largest state owned factories. These risk are also found in other developing countries such as India where piracy and counterfeiting is a big issue. After the U. S. – China accord on intellectual property rights in 1992, it encouraged Microsoft to explore further opportunities in China. In order to manage political risk in China, initially, Microsoft signed various agreements with Chinese PC producers to pre-load its software on their computers. Other approaches to manage political risk included opening Microsoft Research China (Microsoft’s second international research lab and the first one in Asia) and signed agreements with China’s top four computer makers to preinstall Windows XP on their machines. One of the most notable approaches was when Microsoft signed an accord with the Shanghai Municipal government whereby agreed to help develop Shanghai’s software sector, expand its Shanghai regional support center into a global support center, and train thousands of software architects. Ultimately, Microsoft continued to manage political risks throughout the years by continuing to build agreements with Chinese PC manufacturers, develop new partnerships and better its relations with the Chinese government. I favor the strong ties that Microsoft built over the past two decades with the Chinese government and feel that all the techniques they used to manage political risk were needed in order to conduct profitable business in such a scrutinized country and economy. Going forward, Microsoft should continue to try and enforce IPR and keep healthy relationships with the Chinese for obvious reasons. They should keep developing partnerships and build a Microsoft oriented software sector in China through training/certification to strengthen the company’s forecast. By having to deal with lower levels of government, it created an initial challenge to â€Å"win† over the lower level of government in order to strengthen Microsoft’s overall relationship with China. Specific challenges included when the they signed agreements with China’s State Development & Planning Commission to invest in education/training, signed a large investment and cooperation deal with the Beijing Commission on Science & Technology and struck partnership deals with various Chinese companies such as Petro China. Although Microsoft kept making strong efforts to strengthen the relationship with China, they still faced many challenges to overcome China’s discrimination towards the company by requiring all ministries to purchase Linux based software. These challenges created new opportunities for Microsoft to create new initiatives to benefit the Chinese economy which in result helped them build a strong footprint in China. Yes other firms do have the same risk management options as Microsoft did. Other firms did have the same risk management options because all MNCs faced the same macro/micro issues that Microsoft faced when entering the China markets which included pressure to transfer technology, host government promotion of competitor products, discriminatory procurement practices by sub-national authorities in China, and the strong encouragement to enter joint ventures with local firms. Microsoft is creating serious risks by supporting, financing, and transferring technology to local Chinese software firms but had to do so in rder to have success in China. By them giving back to the Chinese economy, in return a large percentage of software users are using Microsoft product legally and illegally. In result, the end user is most likely using a Microsoft product and creates brand awareness. Microsoft used the appropriabiltiy theory to manage their risks by only sharing information with their partners that is only appropriate in order to make the partnership work.